Origin And Evolution Of Society

All of us are part of a society. We were born into a society, grew up in a society and are living in a society with a constant interaction with it. We are living in a developing society as it is subjected to periodical changes. Though it is not visible, it is a fact that society is always in a process of change. We cannot experience the process of change, but over a period of time, it will be clearly visible. So we can assume that the current society which we live is also a product of a series of changes. In order to understand this, let us have a look on the origin and evolution of society. In the primitive world, there were only individuals.

They were hunters and gatherers. Later they started cultivation. At this stage, to look after their crops, they started living in a fixed place. This led to the formation of small groups. Later for convenience, the concept of division of labor got introduced. Thus a primitive form of society evolved. In a primitive society, Mechanical solidarity was given importance forcing people to think and act for a collective conscience. Agriculture was the main occupation and this gave rise to a feudalist society. Introduction of industrial society put an end to the feudal society.

Capitalism evolved. In an industrial society, Organic solidarity was given importance. The process by which a society is modernized is called Modernization. Modern society can be classified in to three-Early Modernity (1453-1789), Classical modernity (1789-1900), Late Modernity (1900-1989). We are living in a Post Modern Society (1990-Present). The post modern society is characterized by Globalization, Pro-environmentalism, Self –conceptualization and Rationalization. It is also characterized by liberal morality. Morality is more personnel than social. Individual is given importance. All religions are treated with equal respect. The process of change is still continuing and will never end.

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Levels of Drinking in Society

We have seen or know of someone who has battled or battling alcoholism. When we think of this disorder, we think of someone who goes on wild drinking binges and continues for long periods of time. Did you know that there are at least five different forms of alcoholism? Many don’t know this, but in any type of addictions there are levels that one must enter before he or she is considered to have a problem.

Type One: Alpha Alcoholism

Is to be considered a phase when an individual drinks to drive away depression and stress. This type is usually linked to be rooted to those that are dealing with physiological issues. It can also be link to emotional problems, such as losing a loved one or divorce.

Type Two: Beta Alcoholism

This is very much linked to type one. This level is looked at to be more of a person become constant with drinking. At this point they may start hiding the fact that they are drinking at odd times of the day. This can lead a person to having more physicals problems such as; excess weight, high blood pressure, and damaging internal organs.

Type Three: Gamma Alcoholism

Causes a person to want to have more alcohol then intended. They crave not the taste, but the stimulation of what the alcohol does. The form of “getting high” causes an individual to go all out on binges, staying in a drunk stat, and eventually leading up to alcoholism.

Type Four: Delta Alcoholism

In this level is deeper for a person who drinks at all times of the day and evening, however, they are unable to get drunk or obtain the drunken high that most try to accomplish when drinking.

Type Five: Epsilon Alcoholism

The final phase is when a person drinks so much that they pass out! This could be dangerous due to many suffer alcohol poisoning or comma like state leading to death.

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Overeating. . . .The Silent Enemy

The root of obesity comes from something millions of Americans do in everyday life which is overeating! We all have been guilty of it at some point or another. What happens when it becomes a problem that needs to be put in check? It could happen at any age, to anyone. Being a man or woman is no exception. If you find yourself on the overeating train, here are some things to take note that should help to correct the problem

A point that is helpful is to spread your meals out over the whole day. Never wait to sit down and have one large meal, nor have three big meals as once taught. Plan so that you can at least have four to five meals a day. This will allow your body to process your meals faster.

One reason why people tend to overeat is due to stressful times we live in. Food becomes a refuge instead of a necessity. Find other ways to relax by breathing exercises or get a massage. Doing this will take your mind off of the problem and out of the fridge. Working out to relieve stress can help you burn off some steam!

Getting out with people is a good way to stay off of binges. We as human beings are made to socialize with others. Working more then nine to five and being alone can lead to a person turning to food for comfort. Now, you don’t have to know the whole neighborhood, but a few friends can keep you entertained and away from overeating.

More then ever, you need to make up in your mind that you love yourself! Again, overeating due to loneliness or lack of love can hinder a person. Always find qualities about yourself and keep them in the forefront of your mind. Tell yourself about these qualities every chance you get!

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Don’t Let Stress, Stress You

The feeling of stress has only been associated with people feeling tension in their neck or shoulders. That’s not all stress can be to an individual. There are many signs that can associate you to being stressed out!

You could experience something called irritable bowel syndrome, a.k.a (IBS). Signs of this are if you experience a large amount of abdominal pain on a regular. Most people experience it as having heart burn or gas. Some may turn up having constipation or diarrhea due to stressful conditions.

Having a nervous tic or even heart palpitations could be a sign of stress. People who are stressed have a tendency to have muscle spasms that are hard to control. Common areas are the mouth, parts of the head, or neck area. Stress can cause the heart to beat irregularly. This makes the heart work harder to keep up the blood flow.

Loss of sleep is another symptom! A person under a lot of stress can sleep too much or not get enough. This is most common in those who work long hours at jobs, or have constant shift changes.

Many probably have not heard this, but dry mouth could be another sign. Not to be mistaken for those who suffer from dry mouth disorder, but stress can cause you not to breathe properly. This will eventually lead to your mouth drying our due to saliva not being generated properly.

Stress management programs are a good way to help deal with the way individuals handle stressful lives. Most jobs make this a requirement so their employees know how to function in stressful situations. If at any time you feel overwhelmed, never be afraid to walk away to take time for you. Believe me the issues will be there! Dealing with situations beyond your control will get you nowhere.

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Have Drugs Won the War?

The war on drugs has been around for over the last 40 years. Are we any better off then we have been since the campaign on non drug usage has gone fourth?

In America alone, over one trillion dollars have been spent to educate kids not to partake in illegal drugs. Unfortunately, the usage of drug use, as well as drug importing, has gone up within the last 40 years instead of going down!
Reasons behind this include that way students are being educated about drug use. The tactics and ways that are presented could be too “old fashion” for our youth today.
The youth are exposed to or then pot smoking and cocaine. Harder facts and reality checks are needed to awaken them about the dangers of drugs.

Poverty plays a part on how drug sells are conducted. With the poverty level and unemployment at an all time high, people are doing what they can to make ends meet. That means many are selling narcotics for money to survive. The amount of Americans on drugs is not helping the problem either. Drug abuse has become more common in the last 40 years then any other time! As long as there are buyers, then it won’t be a problem for the sellers to make a profit. Violence, on the other hand, develops from this because those who are hooked on drugs do what they can to get funding for their habits.

The Obama administration are looking to see what other alternatives can be taken to increase awareness about drug abuse. Many Americans feel that there is little that can be done. Although they don’t think that drugs should be legalized by any means, but maybe it’s time to accept that this is the way times are! Like alcohol, drugs may have a place on the market for good.

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Poverty in Our Society

It’s no secret that poverty in America is an all time high! In different countries the word poverty has different meanings. There are also different qualifications around what would be considered as living in poverty. With unemployment rates on the raise, millions of American’s are finding it hard to make ends meet. Here are some interesting facts that show how much poverty is affecting families in America.

-The estimated level of poverty in the U.S.A. is somewhere around 14.5 percent

-Even though most Americans have full time jobs, about three percent of them are living at the poverty level.

-Lack of education is also blamed on poverty. Those who dropped out of high school are most likely to earn less the $16,000 a year then someone who has a high school education.

Theses numbers only give use a taste of why poverty is so high in States. There are other reasons why so many are having a hard time financially. For starters, job cuts are unemployment top the charts. When a person no longer has the income they once possessed, living the lifestyle they once had is null and void. Even if they were to receive unemployment benefits it’s still not enough to cover simple living expenses.

Let’s look at some disturbing facts of average incomes that show the levels of people in the United States who are pledged by poverty. These earnings are based on yearly earnings!

-Earnings of singles under the age of 65: $12,000

-Earning of singles over 65: $11,000

-Single Parents:

One Child: $15,000
Two Children: $ 17,000

-Two Working Adults:

No Children: $ 14,500
One Child: $17,400
Two Children: $ 22,000
Three Children: $26,000

Educating people about poverty is important for the future. Many are not aware of how others are living in low conditions. If these stats don’t change soon, there is no telling what shape our economy will be in for generations to come!

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The History of Laws for Working Childern

In history, it was not uncommon for children to work along side there families or have small business. Their businesses could be anything from selling flowers to selling food by the side of the road. Later in life, when schooling children became more important because of the demand to educate children, labor laws went into effect.

Although education played a role into setting labor laws, it still wasn’t enough! Parent had their children working for two reasons;

1) Parents were unable to send their children to school.

2) They needed them to contribute to the economic responsibilities of the household.

Back in the late 1700 s it was common to see children working in factories and other high stress environments. In 1788, more the 60 percent of workers in England alone were children! Laws were set into motion to stop this due to the condition and many saw that this was inhuman for children. Unfortunately, this went forward without little success.

It wasn’t until that in the early 1900 s; America formed a group called the National Labor Law Committee, which wouldn’t allow children of a certain age to work! Members of this committee set up inspections to see the conditions and if under aged children were working. Once these findings were exposed, the children would be sent off the premises right away. Word got about the committee doing investigations, some businesses went as far as hiding children in walls and floor boards.

Finally in 1938 after many attempts were made, a bill was passed by congress under the Fare Labor Standards Act. The bill finally became a law in 1941 that prohibited children to work no more then 40 hours a week. The minimum wage at the time was to be set at $0.40 an hour. Any child that was below the age of 16 years old was to be considered hazardous and was not to be hired for employment.

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Immigration. . . .For or Against?

The word on immigration has become a major topic in society today. In anything there are pro and cons to any given situation. Regardless if you are for it or against it, immigration has been going on since the beginning of time.

What are some the pros that are associated with immigration:

1. Better standard of living. Immigrants are able to earn to more money then they are able to earn in there own country. This way, they have more options such as sending monies back to their country to help out with their families needs.

2. Immigrants are cheaper when it comes to labor. When migrating for one part of the world to the next, immigrants are almost more then willing to work just as hard for less money. Thus, it can help with the economy to build more on less revenue.

3. The growth of the economy is a big plus! When immigrants settle into a new land, it increases the amount of spending and purchasing of goods! This can bring bigger business to companies such as banks, housing, and insurances to name a few.

Some of the cons that come from immigration:

1. There may be fewer resources for people. With more people in any given environment, resources become scars. This can be anything form jobs, to land and water.

2. There can also be a lack when it comes to employment opportunities. Again with more people being in a general environment, it can bring more people to wanting to have jobs. If jobs are scars, this can even cause unemployment to rise!

3. Crime is another factor that can be a con for immigration. Many lash out at the idea at immigrants for having benefits that they are not entitled to. This is especially so if an immigrant is illegal. Crime can range from beatings, to violent protests!

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Could Smoking get any Worst?

Higher prices on anything can make a person want to cut cost. This is especially true in the tobacco industry! More people today are known for smoking off brand tobacco products. What you may not know is that most of it is from the black market.

In Britain alone, over 4,500 deaths have been associated with cheaper tobacco being sold on the black market. High cost in this country, as well as the U.S., are causing many to find cheaper ways to support their nicotine habit. A study conducted by the Cancer Research in the United Kingdom revealed that if it were not for black market tobacco, cigarettes would have gone up by 15 percent in the past year!

Tobacco smuggling has fallen drastically since the government has taken tougher measures to stop illegal sales of tobacco. Back in 2000, this became a problem due to so many becoming mysteriously sick off of the black market tobacco. Patients were found to suffer from sudden heart attacks, collapse lungs, drop in blood pressure, and nerve damage. After tests and surveys that were issued, they found that people were using tobacco that was not passed by the F.D.A. Although such laws have been placed to stop smuggling, doctors feel that it’s not enough! Many feel that the weight should not be just on Congress, but also on the distributors who let this type of activity go on.

This type of smuggling can be deadly due to consumers not knowing what is in their products. Mostly of the times, black market tobacco has chemicals that are dangerous to inhale. Some products have been known to have chemicals such as formaldehyde, which is used to preserve dead bodies. Consumers need awareness that products are on the black market for a reason. Although many are against smoking as a whole, if you must do it, find other ways to cut corners to purchase tobacco products that are legal.

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The Rights of a Human Being

When talking about the celebration of Human Rights, just what are we celebrating? Do people even know that Human Rights are? Are many aware of what type of rights they have?

Human Rights are privileges that can be obtain by anyone regardless of race, creed, religion, or gender. This also means that we have rights to things that we should not be discriminated against. Human Rights can go all the way back to the signing of the Declaration of Independence. That was the desires of the leaders in this county that all men be created equal.

This includes, but not limited to:

- A Right to Life
- Civil and Political Rights
- Being equal when it come to the Law
- Freedom to express ones self
- The right for employment
- Education
- Social Security

These rights came to pass in 1948. Since then, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights have revised and established new privileges so that all can be equal. In 1993 treaties were established in many states, protecting individual’s rights for equal opportunities. In turn, these treaties establish liability for each state. A person or group can not be deprived of their Human Rights. The only time where an individuals rights are questioned or withheld, is unless they have been convicted of pass crimes. Their right to free liberty can be affected.

To this day, Human Rights are still an issue due to many cultures not felling they have the same rights as others. Discrimination and segregation are still in many vocabularies, especially in the African American community. Human Rights still need to be discussed and taught to all. If you don’t know what your rights are, how can you be aware when wronged in any way? Rights of a human are not limited and neither should a person limit themselves of who they are to obtain them.

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